Chlorinated Isocyanurate Disinfectants (TCCA/SDIC) in Water Treatment: Mechanisms, Applications, and Market Trends
I. Mechanism and Core Functions
1. Efficient Pathogen & Algae Control
•Release of Active Chlorine: TCCA (Trichloroisocyanuric acid) and SDIC (Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate) dissolve in water to release hypochlorous acid (HClO), oxidizing microbial cell membranes, enzymes, and nucleic acids for broad-spectrum disinfection.
•Broad-Spectrum Efficacy: Eliminates bacteria, viruses, fungi, algae, and spores; particularly effective against resistant pathogens (e.g., Legionella).
•Residual Chlorine Maintenance: Sustained release maintains stable residual chlorine (0.3–0.5 mg/L) for prolonged protection.
2. Oxidative Degradation of Organics
•Breaks down organic pollutants (e.g., humic acids, algal toxins), reducing color/odor and improving water quality.
3. Coagulation Aid & Scale Inhibition
•Enhances colloidal particle aggregation for improved flocculation; inhibits biofilm formation in pipelines/equipment.
II. Key Application Scenarios
•Terminal disinfection in water plants; safer than liquid chlorine with no toxic residues (e.g., trihalomethanes).
2. Swimming Pools & Recreational Water
•Tablet/granular forms simplify dosing; low human irritation; compliant with public health standards.
3. Industrial Water & Wastewater
•Cooling Systems: Controls algae/biofilm in cooling towers to optimize heat exchange.
•Wastewater Disinfection: Degrades organics and reduces biotoxicity in textile/food processing effluents.
4. Aquaculture & Agricultural Irrigation
•Prevents aquatic diseases (e.g., fish gill rot); low toxicity to aquatic life; reduces soil-borne pathogens in irrigation.
III. Performance Advantages vs. Traditional Chlorine Agents
IV. Usage Considerations
1. Dosage Control
•Overdosing may cause excessive residual chlorine, corroding equipment or harming aquatic organisms.
2. pH Adaptability
•SDIC works best at pH 6.5–8.5; TCCA excels in acidic conditions.
3. Compatibility
•Avoid mixing with ammonium salts/acids to prevent explosive NCl₃ formation.
V. Market Outlook
•Demand Surge: Global adoption rising under stricter water standards (e.g., WHO); projected CAGR >6% (2024–2030).
•Innovations: Focus on slow-release tablets and synergistic formulas (e.g., peroxide blends) for efficiency.
TCCA/SDIC deliver high efficacy, sustained release, and enhanced safety, positioning them as optimal solutions for potable water, industrial systems, and recreational facilities. Their technological edge is accelerating the transition from traditional chlorine agents, with future advancements targeting smart dosing and eco-friendly formulations.
